400-060-0105

胶片和数码的宽容度差距究竟有多大?

来源:深圳陈阅摄影培训 时间:05-20

胶片和数码的宽容度差距究竟有多大?

摄影师陈阅认为,人眼可以看到从暗处到亮处很广的亮度范围,而相机就不行了,相机处理亮度范围的能力,就成了衡量感光元件的一个重要指标,在胶片中,称为“宽容度”,而在数码相机中,则被称为“动态范围”(dynamic range)。我们通常说胶片的宽容度高,即使曝光差个两三挡都能给拉回来,其实对于现在的大部分数码相机来说,raw处理曝光的宽容度也同样很高了。

想要测试一下胶片和数码相机的动态范围的区别,在同样的场景,同样的画面,分别使用胶片相机和数码相机从 -10 档曝光到 +10 档曝光,拍摄了 21 张照片作为比较。同样的感光度,同样的光圈,同样的快门,得到的结果却是截然不同的。

数码相机他使用 Nikon D750 在 ISO100 拍摄,胶片使用 Kodak T-Max 100 拍摄,相机使用 Nikon N90(F90),镜头都使用 Nikon 135mm f/2 的 f/4.8 来拍摄,为了使照片曝光不足,Lawson 使用了 ND400 滤镜,使照片变暗 9 档。

当然,此次试验结果只能代表一种特定环境下的可能,因为在不同光线环境下,不同的后期处理上,肯定会有不同的情况,不过试验也同样告诉了我们这样一种可能,下面我们就来看看他的试验结果。当照片过曝,我们可以看到,胶片照片依然能够表现画面,而数码照片则开始出现越来越多的死白,最后整个画面都过曝了。

当照片开始欠曝,胶片照片和数码照片的效果和过曝的照片正好相反。

正如上面的照片所表现的那样,到 +10 档曝光的时候,数码相机拍下的照片已经完全过曝变成一片死白失去了全部的细节,而胶片相机拍下来的画面依然可以接受。但是当欠曝到 -10 档的时候,胶片相机拍下来的内容已经是一片混乱的黑色,而数码相机却依然能够看到大致的画面内容。所以摄影师 Lawson 认为,数码相机可以接受的曝光补偿范围大致在 -6 或 -7 到 +2 档之间,而胶片可以接受的曝光补偿范围则在 -2 档到 +10 档甚至以上,也就是说数码相机可以欠曝,而胶片相机可以过曝。


当然,这些结论都是主观的,不同的胶片,不同的数码相机,不同的拍摄环境,甚至于不同的后期处理都可能会带来不同的结果,但是这种结果至少也说明了一种大概范围的可能性。在拍摄胶片的时候,我们可以过曝的阴影的细节而不用担心亮部细节的损失,而在拍摄数码的时候正好相反。也就是说,如果想要避免丢失细节,过曝胶片或者欠曝数码会更安全。当然,还是要再次重申,这些结果只针对此次设备的试验。

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  2. 运行时间 : 0.009629s [ 吞吐率:103.85req/s ] 内存消耗:362.24kb 文件加载:137
  3. 缓存信息 : 0 reads,0 writes
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